Iphampu yamanzi ingena ngaphambili enjini yemoto.Igcina isipholile sizungeza ukuze sihlale injini isezingeni lokushisa elifanele.Empeleni kufanele ibizwe njengephampu epholisayo ngoba kufanele iphampe ingxube ka-50% yokupholisa kanye nama-50% amanzi kuye ngesimo sezulu.
Kungani sidinga uhlelo lokupholisa
Izinga lokushisa elifanele lenjini licishe libe ngu-200℉, noma 90℃.Lokhu kushisa kushisa ngokwanele ukugeleza kahle kawoyela, kanye nokuvutha okuhle kusilinda, kuyilapho kungashisi kangangokuthi injini ingalimala thenga ukushisa.Nokho lapho injini isebenza, izinga lokushisa lingaba phezulu kakhulu kunalokho.Ngakho izingxenye zenjini eziseduze nenqubo yokuvutha zidinga ukupholiswa futhi yingakho sidinga isimiso sokupholisa.
Isistimu yokupholisa, ngokuvamile icishe ibe nesakhiwo esifanayo, futhi isebenza ngendlela efanayo cishe isebenza kuyo yonke imoto ozohlangana nayo.
I-coolant isebenza kanjani
Isipholisa, okuyingxube yamanzi ne-ethylene glycol, sisetshenziselwa ukuthwala ukushisa kude nezingxenye ezishisa kakhulu zenjini sikuyise kurediyetha lapho kupholiswa khona.
Uma injini isezingeni lokushisa elisebenzayo, isipholile esibandayo sikhishwa ngaphansi kwe-radiator yiphampu, bese simpontshelwa ngaphambili kwebhulokhi yenjini.Izungeza isilinda, iye phezulu ekhanda lapho ipholisa khona i-valve bese ibuya iphuma ekhanda le-cylinder iye phezu kwe-radiator ukuze ipholiswe phansi.
Ekhanda lesilinda elingaphakathi, kune-valve ye-thermostat efana nevalvu elawula izinga lokushisa engakwazi ukulawula ukugeleza kwesipholile kurediyetha.Lapho injini ibanda, i-thermostat iyavalwa futhi amanzi ahlale ngaphakathi ohlelweni lwenjini aze afudumale.Uma leyo nto yokupholisa isifinyelele ezingeni lokushisa, i-thermostat iyavuleka, ukuze isipholile sikwazi ukugeleza yonke indawo eduze kwe-radiator lapho sipholiswa ukugeleza komoya kokushayela emotweni.
Iphampu yamanzi isebenza kanjani
Iphampu yamanzi eyimishini iqukethe lezi zingxenye ezilandelayo: indlu, i-impeller, i-bearing assembly, seal, njll. Igcina isipholile ekuhambeni kwenjini.
Iphampu ingena ngaphambili enjinini, futhi ixhuma ne-pulley eshayelwa ibhande elisuka ku-crankshaft.Ibhande elifanayo liphinde lishayele i-alternator.Manje amanye amaphampu amanzi aqhutshwa ibhande lesikhathi, noma asuka ngqo ku-camshaft noma ku-crankshaft.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iqhutshwa kanjani, iphampu yamanzi inokuxhumana kusuka ku-crankshaft ngebhande.Lokho kusho ukuthi uma injini isebenza, iphampu yamanzi nayo iyasebenza.
Uma injini ibanda, i-thermostat iyavaleka futhi isibambiso asidluli ku-radiator kodwa kusadingeka sisabalalise lesosipholisa ngaphakathi enjinini ukuze kube nokushisisa okulinganayo ngaphakathi.Ngakho, iphampu yamanzi ihlale iphampa.
Izingxenye zephampu yamanzi
Manje, ake sihlole izingxenye zephampu yamanzi.Ngokwezingxenye, izindlu zepompo zenziwe nge-aluminium ekhonjiwe futhi akukho lutho olukhethekile.
Maphakathi nephampu, kuwumgodi odlula endlini.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona i-flange ekhuphukela ku-pulley.Le pulley ixhunywe ebhandeni eligijima ku-crankshaft.Yilokho okushayela iphampu.Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwepompo, iyi-impeller ehlala ngaphakathi kwembobo yenjini.Isibandisi singena empompini lapha, ngokusebenzisa indawo yokungena yepompo yamanzi exhunywe phansi kurediyetha.
I-Coolant idonselwa phezulu futhi ingene phakathi nendawo yesiqhuqhuva eduze nalesi siteshi.Khona-ke i-impeller inama-blade azungeza uketshezi, ilujikijela ngaphandle futhi idale indawo yokucindezela ephansi phakathi nendawo edonsa ukupholisa okwengeziwe.
Lokhu kubizwa ngephampu ye-centrifugal impeller.Eduze nje kwe-impeller, phezu kwendlu yephampu, kukhona umumo ozungezayo ophonswe empompini yamanzi futhi lokho kubizwa ngokuthi i-volute maybe.Ukuma kwale volute yikho okudala ingcindezi edonsa amanzi empompini.Inhlanganisela ye-volute kanye naleli puleti elivala i-impeller, idala umzila ovaliwe wesipholisi esikhundleni sokuvele usikhiphe ngokungahleliwe.
Namuhla, amaphampu amanzi anamandla ngendlela emangalisayo.Iphampu yobukhulu obujwayelekile izothulula ichibi lokubhukuda elincane esikhathini esingangehora, futhi ngesivinini esikhulu senjini lokhu kuzozungeza zonke izinto ezipholile enjinini izikhathi ezingu-20 njalo ngomzuzu.
Isikhathi sokushintsha iphampu yamanzi
Amaphampu amanzi avalelwe ukuphila, futhi ashintshwa njengeyunithi yonke, ngokuvamile eyenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho kushintsha ibhande lesikhathi ngoba kufanele uqaqa izinto eziningi ukuze ungene lapha.Amaphampu amanzi ayingxenye eshibhile ukuyithenga, kodwa kubiza kakhulu emsebenzini ukushintshwa.
Awusoze wasebenza ngaphakathi kwephampu yamanzi ngoba ivalwe impilo yonke futhi ithathwa njengento esetshenziswayo.Lapho iphampu idinga ukushintshwa, udinga ukufaka esikhundleni seyunithi yonke ngaphandle kwepulley.
Uma sibheka iphampu yamanzi eyimishini, singabona umphini, noma iphini lokuphotha, liphendulwa umphini.Ngaphambili nansi iphampu yamanzi.Lolu hlobo lokuthwala okukhethekile ngoba lufakwe ngqo ku-shaft futhi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko esenza le nto ishintshwe njengeyunithi yonke.
I-bearing igcotshwa efektri ngamafutha.Ayivimbi into epholile ukuthi ingavuzi eduze kwe-shaft, empeleni noma yimaphi amanzi angena ku-bearing kuyizindaba ezimbi.
Emuva eduze kwe-shaft, sinophawu olusebenza ngomshini, oluya ku-impeller.Ukuvala i-shaft ejikelezayo oketshezini olucindezelwe bekulokhu kuyinselele.I-mechanical seal lapha ihlakaniphe kakhulu.Iqukethe ubuso obubili obucindezelwe eduze kakhulu ngesiphethu.Futhi zihlukaniswa futhi zigcotshwe ifilimu elincanyana lokupholisa.Igebe eliphakathi kwawo elicishe libe yi-micron, elingamamilimitha ayinkulungwane, livuleke ngokwanele ukuba liqukathe ifilimu emile ye-lubricant, kodwa elingebanzi kangangokuthi okokugcoba kungageleza.
Manje ukungqubuzana okungenakugwenywa kuzobangela ukuthi uphawu lushise, futhi kuzovela isitimu lapho le filimu encane yoketshezi ibila.Nakuba asifuni neze ukuthola noma yikuphi ukupholisa ku-bearing.Ngoba iphula amafutha futhi lokho kuzosibangela inkinga enkulu kamuva.
Ngakho phakathi kwe-mechanical seal kanye ne-bearing kukhona imbobo encane, ebizwa ngokuthi i-weep hole.Uma uketshezi oluncane oludaleka ekubilisweni kwefilimu kanye nesigxivizo somshini singaphuma kuleyo mbobo kwehla ngesiteshi lapha, khona-ke kule futhu sikhishelwa ngemuva kwephampu bese yehla ngaphambili. we-block yenjini.
Manje sekuyinsakavukela umchilo wesidwaba ngoba kukhona uketshezi oluphumayo lapho.Ngaso sonke isikhathi, abakhiqizi bathumela izaziso zobuchwepheshe betshela ochwepheshe ukuthi bayeke ukushintsha amaphampu amanzi njalo lapho bebona into epholile ezungeze imbobo yokukhala nokuthi kuyinto evamile.
Kodwa uma kunokupholisa okuningana okuwuketshezi nokucwebezelayo lapha, ikakhulukazi uma unesipholisi esiconsayo sisuka epanini likawoyela okuyilokho okungaphansi lapha, ungase ube nepompo lamanzi avuzayo.
Uma amaphampu amanzi evuza, yini engahambi kahle ngawo?
Manje ngokuyisisekelo iphampu yamanzi izohluleka ngenye yezindlela ezintathu.
1. Ukukhishwa kwesigxivizo
Uma iphampu ivuza into epholile, kungenzeka ngoba uphawu alusebenzi, futhi lokho cishe kubangelwa ukwehluleka kwe-bearings okubeka umthwalo owengeziwe ku-seal ngokwayo.Isixazululo ukufaka esikhundleni sephampu yamanzi.
2.Ukubhekana nodaba
Lapho iphampu iba nomsindo futhi kunzima ukuyijika.Lokho bekungaba yi-bearing egugile.Ukuze uhlole lokhu, ungadonsa ibhande enjinini, uvule i-pulley ngesandla, futhi kufanele iphenduke kalula futhi ngokushelelayo.Uma unomsindo obhodlayo ovela empompini yamanzi kungenzeka ukuthi uyinkinga.Isixazululo lapha, ukushintsha iphampu yamanzi.
3.Inkinga ye-Impeller
Ekugcineni, i-impeller ingahluleka.Hhayi-ke iwubuqili le nto ngoba ngaphandle akukho okungalungile ngepompo yamanzi.Kodwa ama-blade ayakwazi ukugqashula i-impeller uma kuyi-plastic, noma ngalena eyinsimbi okusho ukuthi ama-blades angagqwala futhi sisale singenazo nhlobo izinsimbi.
Olunye uphawu lwe-impeller ehlulekile ukuthi injini ishisa ngokweqile, kodwa awutholi ukushisa nge-blower.Ungahlola ukuthi ayikho yini impeller ehlulekile ngokukhuphula injini ifike ezingeni lokushisa, ukuze i-thermostat ivuleke, ucime injini bese kuthi omunye aqale injini ngenkathi ucindezela ipayipi le-radiator ephezulu.Futhi kufanele uzwe ukuthi isipholile siqala ngokushesha.Uma ungazizwa lokho, sola i-impeller.Uma i-impeller ibhujiswa, bese uqagela ukuthi siyini isisombululo?Faka esikhundleni iphampu yamanzi.
Ngiyabonga bafo ngokuphelezela.Sike sakhuluma ngepompo yamanzi enjini.Sibheke ngabomvu ukwabelana nawe okwengeziwe mayelana nezingxenye zezimoto.Sobonana ngokuzayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-01-2022