Ukunqunyanyiswa yenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo xa kuziwa kwimoto.Kumaxesha angoku, inkqubo yokunqunyanyiswa yangaphambili ezimeleyo iye yaduma kwiintlobo ezininzi zezithuthi.Kwixesha elilandelayo, siza kufumanisa ukuba zeziphi iinkqubo zokunqunyanyiswa ezizimeleyo ezidumileyo, kwaye sixoxe ngezinto eziluncedo kunye nezingeloncedo kuzo.Kulungile, sihamba.
Okokuqala, makhe sithethe ngokunqunyanyiswa okuzimeleyo.Siyazi ukuba ukunqunyanyiswa okuzimeleyo kunokuchazwa njengelungiselelo lokunqunyanyiswa apho kungabikho i-axle eqinile ye-axle isetyenzisiweyo kwaye zombini amavili adityaniswe ngokwahlukileyo kwiyunithi yokuthwala.
Ukuxhonywa okuzimeleyo okusetyenziselwa amavili angaphambili kwaziwa ngokuba yiFront Wheel Independent Suspension (IFS), ngelixa i-independent suspension esetyenziselwa amavili angasemva ibizwa ngokuba yiRear Wheel Independent Suspension (RFS).
Nazi ezi-5 ikakhulu iintlobo zokunqunyanyiswa okuzimeleyo kwevili langaphambili:
1.Double Wishbone Type Suspension
2.MacPherson Strut Type Suspension
3.IsiKhokelo esiNqobileyo soHlobo lokuNxinywa
I-4.Trailing Link Type Suspension
5.Ukuqubha iHalf-Axle Type Suspension
Makhe sixubushe nganye nganye ngokufutshane.
1.Double Wishbone Type Suspension
Ukunqunyanyiswa okuqhelekileyo komnqweno ophindwe kabini kunokuboniswa njengomfanekiso.Ibandakanya ukunqunyanyiswa okanye iingalo zokulawula ezimbini.Kwivili ngalinye elibizwa ngokuba yingalo ye- wishbone ephezulu kunye nengalo esezantsi ye- wishbone.Ezi ngalo zibizwa ngokuba yi- wishbone kuba zifana ne- chicken wishbone.
Njengoko umfanekiso ubonisa, iziphelo ezivulekileyo zazo zombini iingalo zolawulo zibotshelelwe kwisakhelo se-chassis, ngelixa iziphelo ezivaliweyo ziqhagamshelwe kwi-axle ye-stub.Ngoncedo lwengalo yokudibanisa kunye nephini lokumkani, i-coil spring kunye ne-shock absorber ifakwe phakathi kwe- wishbone ephantsi kunye nelungu lesakhelo.
Xa ivili libetha i-pavement ephakanyisiweyo, iingalo zokulawula zihamba phezulu.Ngaloo ndlela ukucinezela i-coil spring ukususela ekubeni i-absorber shock nayo ifakwe entwasahlobo.Ithomalalisa ii-vibrations ezibekwe kwi-coil spring.
Izinto eziluncedo zokuNxinywa kohlobo lwe-Wishbone:
- Igcina amavili kwindawo echanekileyo.
- Idlulisela ubunzima be-sprung ukuya entwasahlobo.
-Ichasa ukukhawulezisa, ukuqhobosha okanye ukugoba amandla.
Kananjalo ingalo yolawulo ephezulu igcinwa imfutshane ngobude kunengalo yolawulo esezantsi.Oku kwenzelwa ukugcina umkhondo wevili ungaguquguquki ngelixa ukwikona, ngaloo ndlela unikezela ngokukhuhla okuncinci kwamatayara.
2.MacPherson Strut Type Suspension
Ukumiswa kohlobo lwe-MacPherson strut oluqhelekileyo kunokuboniswa njengomfanekiso.Ibandakanya ingalo enye esezantsi yomnqweno oxhomekeke kwi-chassis yemoto.Elinye icala lengalo yethambo lentlanzi lidityaniswe kwi- strut ngokudibanisa.
I-stub equkethe i-shock absorber kunye ne-spring ixhunyiwe kwi-axle ye-stub, ephethe ivili ekupheleni kokungaphezulu.Okwangoku, i-strut igxininiswe kwisakhiwo somzimba ngokunyuka okuguquguqukayo.Ngenxa yoku, umzimba owomeleleyo uyafuneka ukufunxa umthwalo opheleleyo wokunqunyanyiswa.Ke ngoko ulwakhiwo lwe-chassis olungaphantsi kwesakhelo luyakhethwa kolu kunqunyanyiswa.
Apha, ukunyanzeliswa kwevili kunikezelwa ngengalo yokulawula ephantsi.
Izinto eziluncedo zeMacPherson Strut Type Suspension:
- kulula kwaye zitshiphu ekwakhiweni
- kufuna ukugcinwa okuncinci
- ubunzima obuphantsi obuphezulu
-Ifuna indawo encinci kakhulu ekhethwayo kwiimoto eziqhutywa ngamavili angaphambili
3.IsiKhokelo esiNqobileyo soHlobo lokuNxinywa
Ukumiswa kohlobo lwesikhokelo esithe nkqo kunokuboniswa njengomfanekiso.Iquka ilungu lomnqamlezo owandisiweyo, apho isikhonkwane sokumkani se-axle ye-stub sincanyathiselwe kwelinye icala.I-coil spring kunye ne-absorber yokothuka iqhotyoshelwe kule stub axle.Ngelixa elinye isiphelo sokumkani isikhonkwane esisigxina bar isithuba phezulu, leyo ngokutsho phezulu nasezantsi intshukumo ivili.
Iphini lokumkani nalo livumelekile ukuba linyuke lisihla.Ngaloo ndlela ukucinezela okanye ukwandiswa kwentwasahlobo.
Ububi obukhulu boNxingo lweSikhokelo esiNgqo:
- ukunciphisa uzinzo kwimoto
I-4.Trailing Link Type Suspension
Ukunqunyanyiswa kohlobo lwekhonkco lokulandela umkhondo kunokuboniswa njengomfanekiso.Kolu kumiswa, i-horizontal torsion spring kunye ne-shock absorber ifakwe kwikhonkco yoqeqesho, eqhotyoshelwe kwi-shaft tat ithwala i-hub yevili.Ngelixa enye isiphelo se-coil spring ifakwe kwilungu lesakhelo secala.
Xa ivili lisihla linyuka okanye lisihla, liyaphephuka okanye likhulule intwasahlobo ngokulandelelanayo kwezinye iimoto.Ibar yeTorsion ikwasetyenziswa endaweni yemithombo yecoil.
Izinto ezingeloncedo zokuNcinywa koHlobo lweNxibelelaniso:
- umgama phakathi kokutshintsha kwamavili angaphambili nangasemva
- kufuna indawo eninzi
5.I-Swinging Half-Axle Type Suspension
Ukujungiswa okuqhelekileyo kohlobo lokunqunyanyiswa kwesiqingatha se-asi kunokuboniswa njengomfanekiso.Kolu nqunyanyiso, omabini amavili axhonywe ngokungqongqo kwii-axles ezisisiqingatha, ezijikelwe kwiziphelo zazo ukuya kwilungu le-chassis embindini wesithuthi.Ngelixa intwasahlobo ene-absorber yokothuka ifakwe kule hafu ye-asi.
Xa elinye ivili lemoto lifumana izothuso zendlela, i-asi engenamveliso ijinga phezulu okanye ezantsi ngaphandle kokuchaphazela elinye ivili.
Izinto ezingeloncedo zokuSuspring Half-Axle Type Suspension:
- Ngexesha lokunyuka nokuhla, ivili alihlali li-perpendicular kwindlela.
- Ngexesha lekona, ivili langaphandle lithambekela ngaphandle lilahleke ukutsala.
Isiphelo:
Ngaphandle kokunqunyanyiswa okungaphezulu kwesihlanu, i-double wishbone kunye ne-MacPherson strut suspension zezona ziqhelekileyo zisetyenziswayo ngenxa yezibonelelo ezingentla.
Ngoku makhe sishwankathele ukumiswa okuzimeleyo kwevili langaphambili zezi:
1.Double Wishbone Type Suspension
2.MacPherson Strut Type Suspension
3.IsiKhokelo esiNqobileyo soHlobo lokuNxinywa
I-4.Trailing Link Type Suspension
5.Ukuqubha Ukumiswa kohlobo lweHalf-axle
Eyona nto idumileyo yokunqunyanyiswa ngaphambili okuzimeleyo zezi:
1.Double Wishbone Type Suspension
2.MacPherson Strut Type Suspension
Ewe, ndiyathemba ukuba eli nqaku lingakunika inkxaso ngakumbi xa uthenga imoto entsha.Yigqithisele kubantu abanokukhangela olu lwazi.Siza kukubona kwixesha elizayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-30-2022