Pampu yamadzi imakwanira kutsogolo kwa injini yagalimoto.Imasunga choziziritsa kukhosi kuti chizizungulira kuti chikhalebe injini pa kutentha koyenera.Iyenera kutchedwa pampu yozizirira chifukwa iyenera kukhala ikupopa madzi osakaniza 50% ndi 50% madzi kutengera nyengo.
Chifukwa chiyani timafunikira makina ozizira
Kutentha kwabwino kwa injini ndi pafupifupi 200 ℉, kapena 90 ℃.Kutentha kumeneku ndi kotentha mokwanira kuti mafuta aziyenda bwino, komanso kuyaka kwabwino mu silinda, pomwe sikutentha kwambiri kotero kuti injiniyo ingawonongeke gulani kutentha.Komabe injini ikathamanga, kutentha kumakhala kokwera kwambiri kuposa pamenepo.Choncho mbali za injini zomwe zili pafupi ndi njira yoyaka moto zimayenera kuziziritsidwa ndichifukwa chake timafunikira makina oziziritsa.
Dongosolo lozizira, lomwe nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi mawonekedwe omwewo, ndipo limagwira ntchito mofananamo momwe limagwirira ntchito pagalimoto iliyonse yomwe mungakumane nayo.
Kodi coolant imagwira ntchito bwanji
Choziziritsa, chomwe ndi chosakanizira cha madzi ndi ethylene glycol, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula kutentha kuchoka ku mbali zotentha kwambiri za injini kupita ku rediyeta kumene zimazizidwa.
Injini ikakhala pa kutentha kwa ntchito, choziziritsira chozizira chimakokedwa pansi pa radiator ndi mpope, kenako amachipopera kutsogolo kwa chipika cha injini.Imayenda mozungulira silinda, mpaka kumutu komwe imazizira valavu ndikubwerera kuchokera pamutu wa silinda ndikupita ku radiator kuti izizirike.
Pamutu wa silinda yamkati, pali valavu ya thermostat yomwe ili ngati valavu yowongolera kutentha yomwe imatha kuwongolera kutuluka kwa zoziziritsa ku radiator.Injini ikazizira, chotenthetsera chimatsekedwa ndipo madzi amakhala mkati mwa injiniyo mpaka atenthedwa.Choziziriracho chikafika kutentha, chotenthetsera chimatseguka, kotero kuti chozizirirapo chizitha kuyenda mozungulira radiator pomwe chimazizidwa ndi mpweya woyendetsa galimoto.
Kodi mpope wamadzi umagwira ntchito bwanji
Pampu yamadzi yamakina imakhala ndi zigawo izi: nyumba, chowongolera, cholumikizira, chisindikizo, ndi zina zambiri. Imasunga choziziritsa kukhosi pakuyenda kwa injini.
Pampuyo imafika kutsogolo kwa injini, ndipo imalumikizana ndi kapu yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi lamba kuchokera ku crankshaft.Lamba lomwelo limayendetsanso alternator.Tsopano mapampu ena amadzi amayendetsedwa ndi lamba wanthawi, kapena mwachindunji kuchokera ku camshaft kapena crankshaft.Ziribe kanthu momwe imayendetsedwa, mpope wamadzi umalumikizana ndi lamba kuchokera ku crankshaft.Izi zikutanthauza kuti injini ikathamanga, mpope wamadzi umathamanganso.
Injini ikazizira, chotenthetsera chimatsekedwa ndipo chozizirirapo sichidutsa pa rediyeta koma timafunikabe kuzungulitsa choziziriracho mkati mwa injiniyo kuti mkatimo mukhale ndi kutentha kofanana.Choncho, mpope wamadzi nthawi zonse umapopa.
Zigawo za mpope madzi
Tsopano, tiyeni tiwone mbali za mpope wamadzi.Ponena za magawo, nyumba yapampu imapangidwa kuchokera ku aluminiyamu yotayidwa ndipo palibe chapadera.
Pakatikati pa mpope, ndi tsinde lodutsa m'nyumba.Kumbali ina, pali flange yomwe imakwera ku pulley.Pulley iyi imamangiriridwa ku lamba womwe umadutsa pa crankshaft.Ndicho chimene chimayendetsa pampu.Kumbali ina ya mpope, ndi cholumikizira chomwe chimakhala mkati mwa dzenje la injini.Choziziritsa chimabwera mu mpope apa, kudzera pa mpope wamadzi womwe umalumikizidwa pansi pa radiator.
Choziziritsa chimakokedwa ndi kulowa pakati pa choyikapo nyali motsatira njira iyi.Kenako choyikapo nyalecho chimakhala ndi masamba omwe amazungulira madziwo mozungulira, kuwaponyera kunja ndikupanga malo ocheperako pakati omwe amakoka kuzizirira kwambiri.
Izi zimatchedwa centrifugal impeller pump.Pafupi ndi choyikapo, pa nyumba ya mpope, pali mawonekedwe ozungulira omwe amaponyedwa mu mpope wamadzi ndipo amatchedwa volute mwina.Maonekedwe a volute iyi ndi omwe amapanga mphamvu yomwe imakokera madzi mu mpope.Kuphatikizika kwa volute ndi mbale iyi yomwe imatseka choyikapo, imapanga njira yotsekedwa yoziziritsira m'malo mongotaya mwachisawawa.
Masiku ano, mapampu amadzi ndi amphamvu kwambiri.Pampu ya kukula kwabwinobwino imathira dziwe losambira laling'ono pakangotha ola limodzi, ndipo pa liwiro lalikulu la injini izi zidzazungulira zoziziritsira zonse kuzungulira injiniyo ka 20 mphindi iliyonse.
Nthawi yosinthira mpope wamadzi
Mapampu amadzi amasindikizidwa kwa moyo wonse, ndipo amasinthidwa kukhala gawo lonse, zomwe zimachitika nthawi imodzi pomwe lamba wanthawi amasinthidwa chifukwa muyenera kumasula zinthu zambiri kuti mulowe muno.Mapampu amadzi ndi gawo lomwe ndi lotsika mtengo kugula, koma okwera mtengo kwambiri pantchito yosintha.
Simudzagwira ntchito mkati mwa mpope wamadzi chifukwa umasindikizidwa moyo wonse ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chogwiritsidwa ntchito.Pamene pampu ikufunika kusinthidwa, muyenera kusintha gawo lonseli kupatula pulley.
Tikayang'ana pa mpope wamadzi wopangidwa ndi makina, tikhoza kuona tsinde, kapena kuti spindle, likutembenuzidwira ndi pulaniyo.Kutsogolo apa pali pompa madzi.Uwu ndi mtundu wamtundu wapadera chifukwa umaphatikizidwa mwachindunji mu shaft ndipo ndicho chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chinthu ichi chimasinthidwa kukhala gawo lonse.
Chovalacho chimayikidwa pafakitale ndi girisi.Simaletsa kuziziritsa kutayikira m'mbali mwa shaft, kwenikweni madzi aliwonse omwe amalowa m'mphepete mwake ndi nkhani yowopsa.
Kumbuyo kumbuyo kwa shaft, tili ndi chisindikizo chomakina, cholowera ku chonyamulira.Kusindikiza shaft yozungulira kuchokera kumadzi opanikizidwa kwakhala kovuta nthawi zonse.Chisindikizo chomakina apa ndi chanzeru kwambiri.Amakhala ndi nkhope ziwiri zomwe zimapanikizidwa pafupi kwambiri ndi kasupe.Ndipo amalekanitsidwa ndi mafuta ndi filimu woonda wa ozizira.Kusiyana pakati pawo komwe kuli pafupi ndi micron, yomwe ndi chikwi cha millimeter, yotakata mokwanira kuti ikhale ndi filimu yosasunthika yamafuta, koma osati yotakata kotero kuti mafuta amatha kudutsa.
Tsopano kukangana mosapeŵeka kudzachititsa chisindikizocho kutentha, ndipo nthunzi ina imapangidwa pamene kakanema kakang'ono kamadzimadzi kameneka kaphulika.Ngakhale sitikufuna kuti tipeze zoziziritsa kukhosi.Chifukwa chimaphwanya mafuta ndipo izi zidzabweretsa vuto lalikulu kwa ife mtsogolo.
Kotero pakati pa chisindikizo cha makina ndi kunyamula pali kabowo kakang'ono, kotchedwa weep hole.Pamene madzi pang'ono omwe amapangidwa kuchokera kuwira kwa filimuyo ndi chisindikizo cha makina amatha kutuluka kudzera mu dzenje pansi pa tchanelo apa, ndiye pampope iyi imatulutsidwa kumbuyo kwa mpope ndiyeno imadutsa kutsogolo. cha block injini.
Tsopano ndi zachilendo chifukwa pali madzi ena otuluka mmenemo.Nthawi ndi nthawi, opanga amatumiza zidziwitso zaukadaulo kuwuza akatswiri kuti asiye kusintha mapampu amadzi nthawi iliyonse akawona choziziritsa pang'ono pozungulira dzenje lolira komanso kuti ndizabwinobwino.
Koma ngati pali zoziziritsa zamadzi zambiri komanso zowala mozungulira pano, makamaka ngati muli ndi choziziritsa kukhosi chomwe chikutsika kuchokera mupoto wamafuta chomwe chili pansi apa, ndiye kuti mutha kukhala ndi pampu yamadzi yotayira.
Pamene mapampu amadzi akutha, vuto lawo ndi chiyani?
Tsopano kwenikweni mpope wamadzi ulephera m'njira zitatu.
1.Kusindikiza chisindikizo
Pampu ikatulutsa zoziziritsa kukhosi, mwina chifukwa chisindikizocho sichikugwira ntchito, ndipo nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika chifukwa cholephera kugwira ntchito komwe kumapangitsa kuti chisindikizocho chikhale chovuta kwambiri.Njira yothetsera vutoli ndikusintha mpope wamadzi.
2.Kukhala ndi vuto
Pampu ikakhala phokoso komanso yovuta kuyitembenuza.Izo zikanakhala zolemetsa.Kuti muwone izi, mutha kukoka lamba pa injini, kutembenuza pulley ndi dzanja, ndipo iyenera kutembenuka mosavuta komanso bwino.Ngati muli ndi phokoso lokulirapo kuchokera pa mpope wamadzi ndiye kuti ndilo vuto lalikulu.Yankho pano, m'malo mpope madzi.
3.Impeller nkhani
Pomaliza, choyikapo chikhoza kulephera.Izi ndizovuta chifukwa kunjaku palibe cholakwika ndi mpope wamadzi.Koma masambawo amatha kuthyola choyikapo nyali ngati ndi pulasitiki, kapena ndi iyi ndi chitsulo kutanthauza kuti masambawo amatha kuonongeka ndipo timakhala opanda masamba konse.
Chizindikiro chimodzi cha chopondera chomwe chalephera ndi chakuti injini ikutentha kwambiri, koma simukupeza kutentha kudzera mu chowuzira.Mutha kuyang'ana chopondera cholephera pokweza injini mpaka kutentha, kuti chotenthetsera chitseguke, kuzimitsa injiniyo ndiyeno wina ayambitse injiniyo pomwe mukufinya payipi ya radiator yapamwamba.Ndipo muyenera kumva kuti choziziritsa chikuyamba kutuluka.Ngati simukumva choncho, ganizirani chisonkhezerocho.Ngati choyikapocho chawonongeka, ndiye mukuganiza kuti yankho lake ndi chiyani?Bwezerani pampu yamadzi.
Zikomo anyamata pondiperekeza.Takambirana za mpope wamadzi wa injini.Tikuyembekezera kugawana nanu zambiri za magawo amagalimoto.Tikuwonani nthawi ina.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-01-2022