Dakatarwa yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi mahimmancin sassa idan yazo mota.A halin yanzu, tsarin dakatarwa na gaba mai zaman kansa ya zama sananne a cikin nau'ikan motoci daban-daban.A cikin lokaci mai zuwa, zamu gano menene mafi mashahuri tsarin dakatarwa masu zaman kansu, sannan mu tattauna fa'idodi da rashin amfanin su.Ok, mu je.
Da farko, bari mu yi magana game da dakatarwa mai zaman kanta.Mun san cewa za a iya ayyana dakatarwar mai zaman kanta azaman tsarin dakatarwa wanda a cikinsa ba a yi amfani da tsattsauran igiyar igiyar igiyar igiyar igiyar igiyar ruwa ba kuma duka ƙafafun biyu suna da alaƙa daban da rukunin karusai.
Dakatar da mai zaman kanta da ake amfani da ita don ƙafafun gaba ana kiranta da dakatarwar mai zaman kanta ta Front Wheel (IFS), yayin da dakatarwar mai zaman kanta da ake amfani da ita don ƙafafun baya ana kiranta Rear Wheel Independent Suspension (RFS).
Anan akwai nau'ikan dakatarwa masu zaman kansu guda 5 na gaba:
1.Double Wishbone Type Suspension
2.MacPherson Strut Nau'in Dakatar
3.A tsaye Jagora Nau'in Dakatar
4.Trailing Link Type Suspension
5.Swimming Half-Axle Type Suspension
Bari mu tattauna kowanne a takaice.
1.Double Wishbone Type Suspension
Za'a iya nuna nau'in kashin buri na yau da kullun a matsayin hoto.Ya ƙunshi makamai biyu na dakatarwa ko sarrafawa.Ga kowace dabaran da ake kira hannun buri na sama da hannun kashin fata na ƙasa.Wadannan makamai ana kiransu da buri ne saboda suna daukar siffar kashin fatan kaji.
Kamar yadda hoto ya nuna, buɗewar ƙarshen hannayen sarrafawa biyu ana karkata su zuwa firam ɗin chassis, yayin da rufaffiyar ƙarshen suna haɗe da gatari.Tare da taimakon hannu mai haɗawa da fil ɗin sarki, ana sanya magudanar ruwa tare da abin ɗaukar girgiza a tsakanin ƙananan buri da memba na firam.
Lokacin da dabaran ta buga wani shinge mai tasowa, hannayen sarrafawa suna motsawa sama.Don haka damfara magudanar ruwa tunda abin girgiza shima yana sanye da ruwan bazara.Yana damun girgizar da aka saita a cikin magudanar ruwa.
Fa'idodin Dakatarwar Nau'in Kashi Biyu:
- Yana kiyaye ƙafafun a daidai matsayi.
- Yana watsa nauyin sprung zuwa bazara.
- Yana tsayayya da hanzari, birki ko ƙugiya.
Hakanan ana kiyaye hannun kulawa na sama ya fi guntu tsayi fiye da hannun ƙaramin iko.Ana yin haka ne don kiyaye waƙar dabaran a koyaushe yayin yin kusurwa, ta yadda za a samar da ƙarancin gogewar taya.
2.MacPherson Strut Nau'in Dakatar
Ana iya nuna nau'in dakatarwar MacPherson na yau da kullun azaman hoto.Ya ƙunshi hannun ƙashin ƙashin ƙashin ƙugu wanda ke rataye da chassis ɗin mota.Ɗayan ƙarshen wannan hannun kashi na kifi yana haɗe zuwa strut ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa.
Strut ɗin da ke ɗauke da abin ɗaukar girgiza da bazara yana haɗuwa da stub axle, wanda ke ɗaukar dabaran saman ƙarshen wannan.A halin yanzu, strut yana daidaitawa zuwa tsarin jiki ta hanyar hawa mai sassauƙa.Saboda wannan, ana buƙatar jiki mai ƙarfi don ɗaukar cikakken nauyin dakatarwa.Don haka an fi son gina ƙashin ƙura don wannan dakatarwa.
Anan, ana ba da motsin motsi na dabaran ta hannun ƙaramin iko.
Fa'idodin Dakatar da nau'in MacPherson Strut:
- sauki da arha a cikin gini
- yana buƙatar ƙarancin kulawa
- ƙananan nauyin nauyi
- yana buƙatar ƙarancin sarari don haka an fi so a cikin motoci masu tuƙa ta gaba
3.A tsaye Jagora Nau'in Dakatar
Za'a iya nuna nau'in jagora a tsaye azaman hoto.Ya ƙunshi wani tsayayyen memba na giciye, wanda aka haɗe fil ɗin sarki na stub axle a gefe ɗaya.Ana haɗe maɗaɗɗen ruwa da abin ɗaukar girgiza akan wannan stub axle.Yayin da sauran ƙarshen fil ɗin sarki yana daidaitawa zuwa sandar tazarar sama, wanda bisa ga motsi sama da ƙasa na dabaran.
Hakanan ana barin fil ɗin sarki ya motsa sama da ƙasa.Ta haka compressing ko elongating da bazara.
Babban rashin lahani na Nau'in Jagoran Tsaye:
- rage kwanciyar hankali na mota
4.Trailing Link Type Suspension
Za'a iya nuna nau'in hanyar haɗin kai na yau da kullun azaman hoto.A cikin wannan dakatarwar, a kwance torsion spring tare da shock absorber an makala zuwa horo mahada, wanda aka makala zuwa shaft tat dauke da dabaran cibiya.Yayin da sauran ƙarshen magudanar ruwa ke haɗe zuwa ga memba na gefen firam.
Lokacin da dabaran ke motsawa sama ko ƙasa, ta kan yi iska ko ta buɗe ruwan bazara a cikin wasu motoci.Ana kuma amfani da igiyar wuta a madadin maɓuɓɓugar ruwa.
Lalacewar Nau'in Dakatarwar Hanyar Hanya:
- nisa tsakanin gaba da na baya ƙafafun canje-canje
- yana buƙatar sarari da yawa
5.Swinging Half-Axle Type Suspension
Za'a iya nuna nau'in dakatarwar nau'in rabin-axle na al'ada a matsayin hoto.A cikin wannan dakatarwar, duka ƙafafun biyu suna hawa da ƙarfi akan rabin axles, waɗanda aka karkata a ƙarshensu zuwa memba na chassis a tsakiyar abin hawa.Yayin da bazara tare da abin sha mai girgiza yana ɗora akan wannan rabin axle.
Lokacin da wata dabarar mota ta fuskanci girgizar hanya, gatari ba tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa yana jujjuya sama ko ƙasa ba tare da shafar ɗayan motar ba.
Lalacewar Tsayawa Nau'in Half-Axle Swinging:
- Yayin motsi sama da ƙasa, dabaran ba ta kasancewa daidai da hanya.
- A lokacin kusurwa, ƙafar ƙafar waje tana karkata zuwa waje don haka rasa jan hankali.
Ƙarshe:
A cikin sama da biyar dakatarwa, kashin buri biyu da dakatarwar MacPherson an fi amfani da su saboda fa'idodin da ke sama.
Yanzu bari mu taƙaita abubuwan dakatarwar masu zaman kansu na gaba sune:
1.Double Wishbone Type Suspension
2.MacPherson Strut Nau'in Dakatar
3.A tsaye Jagora Nau'in Dakatar
4.Trailing Link Type Suspension
5.Swimming Half-axle Type Suspension
Shahararrun dakatarwar gaba mai zaman kanta sune:
1.Double Wishbone Type Suspension
2.MacPherson Strut Nau'in Dakatar
To, ina fata wannan labarin zai iya ba ku ƙarin tallafi lokacin siyan sabuwar mota.Tura shi ga mutanen da za su iya neman wannan bayanin.Sai mun hadu a gaba.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-30-2022